Prime cost · Bakery
Prime cost benchmarks for bakery
Bakery operators typically run a prime cost of 52-62% — labour 28-35%, cost of goods 22-30%. Here is what drives it, and the number worth watching instead.
The bands
Production labour happens before trading, so labour is front-loaded and hard to flex against demand.
Waste and unsold production. Bakery COGS is heavily driven by what was made and not sold.
Why the band is not your target
These ranges are orientation, not management. The benchmark that matters is your own best location, because it already proves what is achievable on your menu, your suppliers and your labour market — and nobody can argue it is unrealistic.
In a twelve-store group measured in August 2026, the group averaged 50.2% prime cost. Underneath that average the best store ran 23.60% and the worst ran 75.84% — same brand, same menu, same suppliers.
How bakery compares to other formats
| Format | Prime cost | Labour | COGS |
|---|---|---|---|
| Quick service (QSR) | 55-62% | 25-30% | 28-33% |
| Fast casual | 58-65% | 27-32% | 29-34% |
| Full service | 60-68% | 30-35% | 28-34% |
| Pizza | 52-60% | 25-30% | 25-30% |
| Coffee shop | 50-58% | 28-34% | 20-26% |
| Bar and pub | 52-60% | 24-30% | 24-30% |
| Ghost kitchen | 55-68% | 20-26% | 30-38% |
| Bakery | 52-62% | 28-35% | 22-30% |
| Sandwich and deli | 55-63% | 25-31% | 28-34% |
| Juice and smoothie | 50-60% | 27-33% | 22-29% |
| Food truck | 50-60% | 22-28% | 28-34% |
| Catering | 48-60% | 22-30% | 26-32% |
Before you trust any of these numbers
A prime cost figure is only as good as the hours behind it. If some of your worked hours have no cost attached — because staff clocked in on the POS but were never mapped to a roster record — your labour percentage, and therefore your prime cost, reads lower than reality.
In practice most multi-unit groups sit between 60% and 85% coverage before that is fixed. Check yours free →
Other formats
Quick service (QSR) · Fast casual · Full service · Pizza · Coffee shop · Bar and pub · Ghost kitchen · Sandwich and deli · Juice and smoothie · Food truck · Catering